Which article of the U.S. Constitution establishes the Judicial Branch?

Which article of the U.S. Constitution establishes the Judicial Branch?

• A. Article I
• B. Article II
• C. Article III
• D. Article IV

Answer: (C)

Article III establishes the Judicial Branch. It creates the federal court system, headed by the Supreme Court, and gives Congress the power to establish lower federal courts. It defines the judicial power as extending to cases arising under the Constitution, federal laws, and treaties, and it provides for judges to serve during good behavior, effectively lifetime tenure, to protect independence from political pressure. This structure ensures that laws and executive actions are interpreted and checked against the Constitution. The other articles set up the Legislative and Executive Branches (and relations among states), but they do not establish the judiciary.

Article III establishes the Judicial Branch. It creates the federal court system, headed by the Supreme Court, and gives Congress the power to establish lower federal courts. It defines the judicial power as extending to cases arising under the Constitution, federal laws, and treaties, and it provides for judges to serve during good behavior, effectively lifetime tenure, to protect independence from political pressure. This structure ensures that laws and executive actions are interpreted and checked against the Constitution. The other articles set up the Legislative and Executive Branches (and relations among states), but they do not establish the judiciary.